Nothing substantial- here's what I was able to glean from the order guide:
SE with Deluxe Package does not have cruise control, autodimming inside rearview mirror, SYNC, or the rear spoiler. All of these items are standard on the SES. The first two items are optional on the SE (67V Driver's Package, $415), as is SYNC ($395). The Driver's Package is required to get SYNC on the SE.
The exterior door handles and mirror skulls on the SE Deluxe are "chromed", whereas those on the SES are body colored. You already noted the wheels (16" on both) are distinct designs. I think the seat fabric differs as well.
Also, the SE Deluxe has a more extensive color palette. SES is only available in Black, Red, Vista Blue, and Silver Frost. SE Deluxe adds White, Vapor Silver, and Light Ice Blue to that list.
Curiously, a SE Deluxe costs $205 more than an identically equipped SES (sans rear spoiler).